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    <title>60490008</title>
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      <title>Reasonable Compensation - What S Corporation and C Corporation Owners Should Know</title>
      <link>https://www.clintonwinklesllc.com/reasonable-compensation-what-s-corporation-and-c-corporation-owner-s-should-know</link>
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           How to Stay Compliant and Avoid IRS Scrutiny
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           By: Clinton Winkles, MBA, CPA, EA
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           What is Reasonable Compensation?
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            Reasonable compensation is a legal requirement for S-Corporation shareholder-employees.  It represents the value of the services provided by the shareholder-employee and must be paid via W-2 wages before any distributions are taken from the business. The IRS defines reasonable compensation as "the value that would ordinarily be paid for like services by like enterprises under like circumstances".  These rules apply to 'Inc.'s
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            as well as LLCs that have elected to be taxed as an S Corporation or C Corporation. 
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           The importance of reasonable compensation lies in its role in ensuring compliance with payroll tax laws. W-2 wages are subject to payroll taxes, while distributions are not. Paying distributions without reasonable compensation may be viewed by the IRS as an attempt to evade payroll taxes.
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           Why is Reasonable Compensation Important?
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           For S-Corporations:
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            Legal Compliance:
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             All S-Corporation shareholder-employees must pay themselves reasonable wages before taking distributions. Failure to do so can result in IRS penalties, back taxes, and interest.
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            Avoiding Reclassification:
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             Distributions taken without reasonable compensation can be reclassified as wages by the IRS, subjecting them to payroll taxes, penalties, and interest on late deposits.
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            Supporting Documentation:
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             Completing a reasonable compensation analysis using one of the three IRS-approved approaches (Cost Approach, Market Approach, or Income Approach) and maintaining supporting documentation is essential.
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            Avoiding IRS Scrutiny:
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             High distributions with low wages can raise red flags and increase audit risks, especially during IRS field examinations.
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           For C-Corporations:
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            Deductibility:
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             Compensation must be reasonable to qualify as a deductible business expense. Unreasonably high compensation can result in disallowed deductions, increasing taxable income.
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            Avoiding Reclassification:
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             Excessive salaries in C-Corporations can be reclassified as nondeductible dividends, leading to additional taxation at both the corporate and shareholder levels (along with penalties and interest).
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            IRS Scrutiny:
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             Large, unjustified salaries may trigger audits, requiring robust documentation of compensation decisions (as well as other documentation generally required during an IRS field examination).
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           Key Considerations for Reasonable Compensation:
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            Value-Based:
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             Compensation must reflect the value of the services provided to the corporation by the shareholder-employees, not the business’s profits or distributions.
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            W-2 Requirement:
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             Shareholder-employees must receive W-2 wages before taking distributions. Wages can be taken without distributions, but not vice versa.
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            Periodic Analysis:
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             Conducting annual analyses ensures compensation remains reasonable. Adjustments should account for cost-of-living increases or inflation, especially if no formal analysis was performed during a particular year.
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           What Happens if You Don’t Take Reasonable Compensation?
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            Financial Consequences:
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             The IRS may impose back taxes, penalties, and interest.
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            Preparer Penalties:
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             Tax preparers may also face penalties for non-compliance.  If we notice non-compliance - we are obligated to tell you.  We don't want to be assessed penalties either!
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           Summary Tips:
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            Calculate Periodically:
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             Use one of the three IRS-approved methods to determine reasonable compensation on a periodic basis.
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            Maintain Documentation:
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             Keep thorough records to support your calculations.
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            Seek Professional Advice:
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             Work with your tax professional (CPA or EA) to ensure compliance and optimize your tax position.
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           How is Reasonable Compensation Calculated?
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           The IRS recognizes three approaches to calculating reasonable compensation:
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            Market Approach:
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             Compares compensation to what would be paid for the same position in an arm's-length relationship at a similar company. Geographic location and industry standards are key considerations.
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            Cost Approach:
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             Breaks down tasks performed by the employee, assigns wages based on proficiency levels, and aggregates these to determine a hypothetical replacement cost for the shareholder-employee.
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            Income Approach:
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             Considers whether an independent investor would find the business’s financial performance satisfactory after accounting for the employee’s compensation. This method requires an accurate valuation (e.g. a formal appraisal) of the business and is less commonly used due to cost constraints (formal business appraisals are very expensive due to the level of work required to complete them).
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           Our Standard Practice:
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            We primarily use the
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           Cost Approach
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            , gathering detailed information through a questionnaire about roles, duties, and proficiency levels to calculate a hypothetical replacement cost. We then reconcile these findings with data from the
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           Market Approach
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            to provide a final reasonable compensation figure.  We then provide a detailed report with the suggested compensation figure after our analyses is completed.
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           The Bottom Line:
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           For S-Corporation shareholder-employees, paying reasonable compensation before distributions is a legal requirement. For C-Corporations, ensuring reasonable compensation protects the deductibility of business expenses and mitigates IRS scrutiny. Compliance demonstrates good faith and safeguards your tax position.
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           I'm Not Sure If My Corporation Is Reasonably Compensating Me - What Should I Do?
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           Reach out to your tax professional (CPA or EA)!  We're happy to help our clients determine their reasonable compensation figure.  If you're reading this and you are not a client of our firm - your tax professional likely also has tools that can assist them in helping make this determination.  If you own an S Corporation and have not engaged a tax professional (CPA or EA) to prepare your returns and consult on your specific tax situation - you should absolutely do so!  S Corporations are subject to complex rules related to shareholder compensation, distributions, ownership requirements, corporate-level deductions, and specific state-level elections.  Having an expert on your side can not only help you minimize your tax liability - but can also help you avoid 'blowing' your S-Election and prevent costly mistakes in the event of an examination.
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           Note: This article is provided solely for informational purposes and does not constitute tax, legal, or financial guidance by Clinton Winkles, LLC, its managing member, or its employees. No information herein should be construed as a recommendation for any specific action.  Before taking any steps that may effect your tax obligations, please consult your tax professional.
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      <pubDate>Wed, 29 Jan 2025 18:34:50 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://www.clintonwinklesllc.com/reasonable-compensation-what-s-corporation-and-c-corporation-owner-s-should-know</guid>
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      <title>Understanding BOI Reporting Requirements Under the Corporate Transparency Act (An Update)</title>
      <link>https://www.clintonwinklesllc.com/understanding-boi-reporting-requirements-under-the-corporate-transparency-act-an-update</link>
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           An update regarding what businesses need to know about BOI reporting.
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           By: Clinton Winkles, MBA, CPA, EA
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           BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP INFORMATION REPORTING UNDER THE CORPORATE TRANSPARENCY ACT
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            (UPDATED 2/20/2025)
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           The Corporate Transparency Act (CTA) was enacted as part of the National Defense Act for Fiscal Year 2021. The CTA mandates that millions of entities report their beneficial ownership information (BOI) to the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN). This resource is meant to provide a preliminary overview of the provisions in the CTA.
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           Most Recent Update - 2/20/2025:
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            In early January, a federal district court in
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           Texas Top Cop Shop, Inc. v. Garland
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           , No. 4:24-CV-478 (E.D. Texas 12/3/24) issued a preliminary injunction that temporarily halted Corporate Transparency Act (CTA) Beneficial Ownership Information (BOI) reporting requirements.  The Department of Justice (DOJ) appealed, leading to a series of rulings that alternately set aside and then later reinstated the injunction.
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            Most recently, in Samantha Smith and Robert Means v. U.S. Department of the Treasury, No. 6:24-CV-336 (E.D. Texas 1/7/25),
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            the DOJ was granted a stay of the nationwide injunction, effectively putting BOI requirements back in place.  As a result,
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           FinCEN extended the deadline for all initial, updated, or corrected BOI filings to March 21, 2025.
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             FinCEN also announced plans to revise the BOI reporting rule later this year to lessen the burden on "lower-risk entities, including many U.S. small businesses".
          &#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
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  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
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           On the legislative front, the House passed H.R. 736 (the "Protect Small Businesses from Excessive Paperwork Act of 2025") on February 10, 2025; however, the bill still requires Senate approval and the President's signature to become law.  If passed, this bill would extend the reporting deadline for entities existing before January 1, 2024 to January 1, 2026.  Companies formed on or after January 1, 2024 would not be impacted by this law.
          &#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
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  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            Although additional extensions could arise,
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      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;strong&gt;&#xD;
      
           businesses are strongly encouraged to file their BOI reports by the current March 21, 2025 deadline.
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    &lt;/strong&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;br/&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
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  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;strong&gt;&#xD;
      
           Who is required to report under the CTA's BOI reporting requirement?
          &#xD;
    &lt;/strong&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;ul&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
          
             All domestic and foreign entities that have filed formation or registration documents with a U.S state (or Indian tribe), unless they meet one of 23 enumerated exceptions (see
            &#xD;
        &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;a href="https://www.fincen.gov/boi-faqs" target="_blank"&gt;&#xD;
        
            FinCEN FAQs
           &#xD;
      &lt;/a&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            for a full list of exemptions), including the following exemption:
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            YOU ARE EXEMPT IF YOU ARE A Large operating entity that meet all the following criteria:
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
             Employ more than 20 full-time employees in the U.S., and
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
             Had gross revenue (or sales) over $5 million on the prior year's tax return, and
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      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
             Has a physical office in the U.S.
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
            
          &#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;strong&gt;&#xD;
      
           When must companies file?
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    &lt;/strong&gt;&#xD;
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  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
           Currently, due to the Fifth Circuit appeal, BOI reporting is voluntarily due to an injunction.  A filing requirement could be put in place based on the outcome of the current case - we will post an update when we have more information. Below are the original filing deadlines.
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    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;ul&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            New entities (created/registered in 2024) — must file within 90 days
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      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            New entities (created/registered after Dec. 31, 2024) — must file within 30 days
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            Existing entities (created/registered before Jan. 1, 2024) — must file by Jan. 1, 2025
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            Reporting companies that have changes to previously reported information or discover inaccuracies in previously filed reports — must file within 30 days.  This includes changes in ownership during the year.
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      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
            
          &#xD;
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  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;strong&gt;&#xD;
      
           What information do companies need to report?
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    &lt;/strong&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;ul&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
          
             Each company must report the information below through the
            &#xD;
        &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;a href="https://boiefiling.fincen.gov/fileboir" target="_blank"&gt;&#xD;
        
            FinCEN BOIR E-Filing System
           &#xD;
      &lt;/a&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            .
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            Full legal name of the reporting company and any trade or DBA names
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            Business address
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            IRS EIN
            &#xD;
        &lt;br/&gt;&#xD;
        
            • Name
            &#xD;
        &lt;br/&gt;&#xD;
        
            • Birthdate
            &#xD;
        &lt;br/&gt;&#xD;
        
            • Address
            &#xD;
        &lt;br/&gt;&#xD;
        
            • Unique identifying number and issuing
            &#xD;
        &lt;br/&gt;&#xD;
        
            jurisdiction from an acceptable identification
            &#xD;
        &lt;br/&gt;&#xD;
        
            document (and image of such document)
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            In addition, each reporting company must
            &#xD;
        &lt;br/&gt;&#xD;
        
            report the following details on its beneficial
            &#xD;
        &lt;br/&gt;&#xD;
        
            owners and, for newly created entities, its
            &#xD;
        &lt;br/&gt;&#xD;
        
            company applicant(s):
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      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            Name
           &#xD;
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    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            Birthdate
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      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            Address
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            Unique identifying number and issuing jurisdiction from an acceptable identification document (and image of such document - e.g. driver's license or passport)
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
            
          &#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
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  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;strong&gt;&#xD;
      
           What are the penalties for noncompliance with the statue?
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    &lt;/strong&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;ul&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            Civil penalties are up to $606 per day that a violation continues.
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      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
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    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            Criminal penalties include a $10,000 fine and/or up to two years of imprisonment.
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      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
            
          &#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;strong&gt;&#xD;
      
           Specifically, what is the Act and what is its purpose?
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  &lt;ul&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            The CTA is a statute that was enacted in 2021 that requires the disclosure of the beneficial ownership information of certain entities from people who own or control a company. The intent of the BOI reporting requirement is to help U.S. law enforcement combat money laundering, the financing of terrorism and other illicit activity.
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            The CTA is not a part of the tax code. Instead, it is a part of the Bank Secrecy Act — a set of federal laws that require record-keeping and report filing on certain types of financial transactions. Under the CTA, BOI reports will not be filed with the IRS, but with FinCEN, another agency of the Department of Treasury.
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
            
          &#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;strong&gt;&#xD;
      
           Who should I contact to determine if a party is a beneficial owner within the definition of the Act if I am unsure?
          &#xD;
    &lt;/strong&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
           As the Act falls outside the purview of the Internal Revenue Code (Title 26), but within the Money and Finance Code (Title 31), we can assist with the compliance task of reporting the Beneficial Ownership Information; however, we cannot make a determination as to which members of your team constitute a Beneficial Owner for purposes of the Act, as this may be construed as an unauthorized practice of law.  If you are unsure, we strongly advise you to contact legal counsel to confirm your beneficial owners and reporting requirements prior to engaging us to file your BOI report.
          &#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;br/&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
            
          &#xD;
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    &lt;strong&gt;&#xD;
      
           I understand that you can't make specific determinations, but who is a beneficial owner, generally?
          &#xD;
    &lt;/strong&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
           Any individual who, directly or indirectly, either:
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  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;ul&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            Exercises “substantial control” over a reporting company, or
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      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            Owns or controls at least 25 percent of the ownership interests of a reporting company
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/ul&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;br/&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
           An individual has substantial control of a reporting company if they direct, determine or exercise substantial influence over important decisions of the reporting company. This includes any senior officers of the reporting company, regardless of formal title or if they have no ownership interest in the reporting company.
          &#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
            
          &#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
           “Ownership interests” generally refer to arrangements that establish ownership rights in the reporting company, including simple shares of stock as well as more complex instruments.
          &#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;br/&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            The detailed
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2022-09-30/pdf/2022-21020.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;&#xD;
      
           CTA regulations
          &#xD;
    &lt;/a&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            define the terms "substantial control" and "ownership interest" further.
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
            
          &#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;strong&gt;&#xD;
      
           Am I required to use a CPA or Attorney to file my BOI?
          &#xD;
    &lt;/strong&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            No.  According to the FAQ, "anyone whom the reporting company authorizes to act on its behalf—such as an employee, owner, or third-party service provider—may file a BOI report on the reporting company’s behalf. When submitting the BOI report, individual filers should be prepared to provide basic contact information about themselves, including their name and email address or phone number."  You can file online at no cost by visiting
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;a href="https://boiefiling.fincen.gov/fileboir" target="_blank"&gt;&#xD;
      
           https://boiefiling.fincen.gov/fileboir
          &#xD;
    &lt;/a&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
           .
          &#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
            
          &#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;strong&gt;&#xD;
      
           You mentioned that a 'Large Operating Entity' may be exempt - can I aggregate all of the employees across all businesses I own to meet the definition?
          &#xD;
    &lt;/strong&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            No.  Specifically, the large corporate exemption requires that the entity itself employ more than 20 full-time employees in the US and
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;strong&gt;&#xD;
      
           does not
          &#xD;
    &lt;/strong&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            permit consolidation of this employee count across all entities.
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
            
          &#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;strong&gt;&#xD;
      
           I've met with my Legal Counsel and determined that I do meet the 'Large Operating Entity' exemption in my operating Company - but what about the Rental LLC my spouse and I own that leases rental property to the 'Large Operating Entity' - is it exempt as well?
          &#xD;
    &lt;/strong&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
           No.  Each entity must meet the exemption requirements itself.  In this scenario, unless the Rental LLC mentioned above (a) reported more than $5MM in revenue on its prior year return, (b) employed more than 20 full time employees, and (c) is physically located in the US, it does not meet the criteria for the 'Large Operating Entity' exemption and is subject to the BOI reporting requirements.
          &#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
            
          &#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;strong&gt;&#xD;
      
           What about the LLC/Inc. I own that hasn't been active in several years - is it required to file a BOI report?
          &#xD;
    &lt;/strong&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
           It depends.  
          &#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;a href="https://www.fincen.gov/boi-faqs#L_2" target="_blank"&gt;&#xD;
      
           The FAQ
          &#xD;
    &lt;/a&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            provided information related to an inactive entity exemption, provided the entity at issue meets
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;strong&gt;&#xD;
      
           all six
          &#xD;
    &lt;/strong&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            the following six criteria: 
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;ol&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            The entity was in existence on or before January 1, 2020.
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            The entity is not engaged in active business.
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
          
             The entity is not owned by a foreign person, whether directly or indirectly, wholly or partially. “Foreign person” means a person who is not a United States person. A United States person is defined in section 7701(a)(30) of the
            &#xD;
        &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2011-title26/pdf/USCODE-2011-title26.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;&#xD;
        
            Internal Revenue Code of 1986
           &#xD;
      &lt;/a&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
          
             as a citizen or resident of the United States, domestic partnership and corporation, and other estates and trusts.
            &#xD;
        &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            The entity has not experienced any change in ownership in the preceding twelve-month period.
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            The entity has not sent or received any funds in an amount greater than $1,000, either directly or through any financial account in which the entity or any affiliate of the entity had an interest, in the preceding twelve-month period.
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            The entity does not otherwise hold any kind or type of assets, whether in the United States or abroad, including any ownership interest in any corporation, limited liability company, or other similar entity.
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/li&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/ol&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;br/&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            For more information, see FinCEN’s
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;a href="https://www.fincen.gov/boi/small-entity-compliance-guide" target="_blank"&gt;&#xD;
      
           Small Entity Compliance Guide
          &#xD;
    &lt;/a&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
            , which includes checklists for this exemption (see exemption #23) and for the additional exemptions to the reporting requirements (see Chapter 1.2, “Is my company exempt from the reporting requirements?”)
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
            
          &#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;strong&gt;&#xD;
      
           One last question - my sister owns a small photography studio on the side that operates as a sole proprietorship - it is not organized as an Inc. or LLC and she does business as herself.  Is she required to file a BOI report?
          &#xD;
    &lt;/strong&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
           Generally, no.  
          &#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;a href="https://www.fincen.gov/boi-faqs#C_6" target="_blank"&gt;&#xD;
      
           Per the FAQ,
          &#xD;
    &lt;/a&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
        
             "unless a sole proprietorship was created (or, if a foreign sole proprietorship, registered to do business) in the United States by filing a document with a secretary of state or similar office. An entity is a reporting company only if it was created (or, if a foreign company, registered to do business) in the United States by filing such a document. Filing a document with a government agency to obtain (1) an IRS employer identification number, (2) a fictitious business name, or (3) a professional or occupational license does not create a new entity, and therefore does not make a sole proprietorship filing such a document a reporting company."
           &#xD;
      &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;p&gt;&#xD;
    &lt;span&gt;&#xD;
      
            
          &#xD;
    &lt;/span&gt;&#xD;
  &lt;/p&gt;&#xD;
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    &lt;strong&gt;&#xD;
      
           Thanks for providing the info - after reviewing all of the information you've provided, I know who my beneficial owners are and would like you to take care of this filing (and submit our voluntary report to FinCEN) - how do I let you know that I would like the firm to file this report?
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           If you would like to engage us to assist with your BOIR, please contact Cynthia by calling our front desk.  She will follow up with the next action items for getting you added to our BOIR filing list.
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           Thanks for providing the info - I will or already have self-filed [all of] my BOIR[s].  Is there anything else I need to do?
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           Awesome!  Knew you could do it.  If you are a client of our firm, please send a copy of your BOIR[s] directly to me.  I will hold a copy of the filing in your Company's permanent file.  If you are not a client of our firm - please reach out to your accountant, as they may want to keep a copy of your BOIR in their file as well.
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           Where can I find more information on BOI?
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           For more information, refer to the following FinCEN resources:
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      &lt;a href="https://www.fincen.gov/boi/small-business-resources" target="_blank"&gt;&#xD;
        
            FinCEN BOI Small Business Resources
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      &lt;/a&gt;&#xD;
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    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;a href="https://www.fincen.gov/boi-faqs" target="_blank"&gt;&#xD;
        
            FinCEN BOI Reporting FAQ
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      &lt;a href="https://www.fincen.gov/sites/default/files/shared/BOI_Small_Compliance_Guide_FINAL_Sept_508C.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;&#xD;
        
            FinCEN Small Entity Compliance Guide
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      &lt;/a&gt;&#xD;
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    &lt;li&gt;&#xD;
      &lt;a href="https://www.fincen.gov/boi/Reference-materials" target="_blank"&gt;&#xD;
        
            FinCEN BOI Reference Materials
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           Note: This article does not constitute legal or financial guidance by Clinton Winkles, LLC or by its managing member or employees. It is not intended to encourage or recommend specific actions by the reader. Consult your legal advisor before commencing with any legal reporting activities.
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           For any questions or to learn more about our services, feel free to view our website at 
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           https://clintonwinklesllc.com
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            or contact us by e-mail at clinton@clintonwinklesllc.com.
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      <pubDate>Sat, 11 Jan 2025 19:36:36 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://www.clintonwinklesllc.com/understanding-boi-reporting-requirements-under-the-corporate-transparency-act-an-update</guid>
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    </item>
    <item>
      <title>1099 Issuers - What You Need to Know</title>
      <link>https://www.clintonwinklesllc.com/1099-issuers-what-you-need-to-know-this</link>
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      <content:encoded>&lt;div data-rss-type="text"&gt;&#xD;
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           How to navigate 1099 filing this tax season
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           By: Ramon Pati
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           no and Clinton Winkles, MBA, CPA, EA
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           As the 1099 deadline  approaches on January 31, 2025 - staying compliant with IRS regulations is crucial in order to avoid steep penalties and/or disallowed expenses during an examination.  Below, we'll break down the most common types of 1099 forms, their requirements, who needs to get one, and how you can make the process stress-free going forward.
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           Types of 1099 Forms
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            Form 1099-MISC
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             - File form 1099-MISC if you've made the following payments during the year:
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            At least $10 in:
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            Royalties
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            Broker payments in lieu of dividends or tax-exempt interest, or
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            At least $600 in:
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            Rents
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            Prizes and awards
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            Other income payments
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            Medical and health care payments (paid in the ordinary course of business)
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            Crop insurance proceeds
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            Cash payments for fish or aquatic life purchased from a business (paid in the ordinary course of business)
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            Payments to an attorney (if they are taxed as a Corporation)
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            Fishing boat proceeds, or
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            Direct Sales: Report direct sales of $5,000 or more of consumer products for resale anywhere other than a permanent retail establishment.
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            Form 1099-NEC
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             - File form 1099-NEC for non-employee compensation payments of $600 or more, including:
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            Services performed by independent contractors (including parts and materials).
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            Payments to attorneys (if they are NOT taxed as a Corporation or S Corporation)
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            Form 1099-INT
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             - File Form 1099-INT to report interest income payments exceeding $10 during the year.
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            Form 1098
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             - While not a 1099, Form 1098 must be filed if your business receives $600 or more in mortgage interest from a borrower on any one mortgage during the year.
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           Who Needs a 1099?
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           Understanding who should receive a 1099 is essential to ensure accurate reporting and compliance. Not every payment requires a 1099, and certain entity types are exempt from receiving a 1099. Here's a quick guide to help you determine who should get a 1099:
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            Entities That Should Receive a 1099
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            Sole Proprietors: If you’ve paid a sole proprietor $600 or more for services, a 1099 is required.
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            LLCs Taxed as Partnerships: Payments of $600 or more to LLCs taxed as partnerships should be reported via a 1099.
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            LLCs Taxed as Sole Proprietors: Treat these as you would a sole proprietor—file a 1099 for payments of $600 or more.
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            Medical and Legal Services: Regardless of entity type, payments for medical and legal services must be reported. This includes payments to corporations providing these services.  Generally, if the recipient is taxed as a corporation, report the payment on 1099-MISC.- not 1099-NEC.
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            Entities That Do NOT Need a 1099
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            Corporations (C Corps and S Corps): Payments made to corporations typically do not require a 1099, except for medical or legal services.
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            LLCs Taxed as Corporations (C Corps and S Corps): These are treated as corporations and generally do not require a 1099, except for medical or legal services.
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            Exceptions
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            Payments made utilizing Third-Party Processors: Payments made via PayPal, Venmo, or similar platforms are handled by the processor. They issue 1099-K forms directly to the recipients.
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            Even if an entity typically doesn’t require a 1099, it’s still a good practice to collect a W-9 from all vendors and contractors. This ensures you have the correct information on file should circumstances change or additional filings be required. 
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           How do you know if an LLC is taxed as a partnership, corporation, s corporation, or a sole proprietorship (disregarded entity)? 
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           Ask them for a W-9 - this will tell you everything you need to know.
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           Pro Tip:  If you are paying a vendor or contractor with a check - provide the check only after they've provided you a completed W-9.  This will keep you from having vendors that refuse to give you the W-9 at reporting time because they don't want to be issued a 1099.
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           Additional Notes
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           Third-Party Processor Payments
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            Did you pay through platforms like PayPal or Venmo? As mentioned above - payments made utilizing these payment processors do not require 1099s -  these platforms generally issue 1099-K forms to the payment recipients. Just in case you end up making some payments by cash, check, or ACH - we still recommend collecting a W-9 from recipients for your records (but don't issue a 1099 for the amounts paid through the third-party processor). 
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           Mandatory E-Filing
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           If your business files ten (10) or more 1099s, W-2s, or similar information returns, you must file them electronically beginning with the 2024 tax year. This reduces paperwork and ensures compliance with IRS requirements.
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           How can I make getting this information together easier next year?
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            Apply these rules during the year.  Don't wait until reporting time to make sure you know who needs to get a 1099 and whether or not you have their W-9 on file.  Most accounting software packages allow you to tag vendors as 1099 recipients and store copies of their W-9.   If you're missing W-9s, get them now.  You are statutorily required to do backup withholding for vendors that refuse to provide you W-9s - either get the W-9 and issue the 1099 or find a new vendor.   Put together a process for your accounts payable team (even if its a team of only you),
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           document that process (
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           so new team members can understand it
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           )
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           , and implement it.
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           "1099 'Employee'"
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            Your accountant (and your attorney and your insurance team)  want you to know - there is NO SUCH THING as a "1099 Employee".  You have either engaged a contractor or hired an employee. 
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            I'll say it a different way - 1099s are for independent contractors.  If you exercise full control over a person - you tell them what to do, how to do it,  when to do it, where to do it, they use your tools or equipment, they don't do any jobs for anyone else, and they are covered by your insurance policies, there is no logical way you can show they are an independent contractor.  You may have had them sign an agreement stating that they are an independent contractor, but form means nothing without substance.  If this sounds familiar,
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            you might have some misclassification issues
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           (or you're a tax accountant)
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           .  If you are unsure of how to classify someone - get with your CPA or EA.  They will assist you in putting together a process to make the classification determination 
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           and
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            with how to document the process. 
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            They will also help you with the next action items if you've previously misclassified an employee as an independent contractor. 
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           If you have a misclassified employee and they decide to file a couple of forms with the service to rectify the self-employment tax that they didn't expect to owe, you could be at risk for some major penalties - especially if you exempted them from benefit plans because of the misclassification.  It's in your best interest to be proactive, get ahead of it, and correct it now.  If you correct it before an examination occurs and are later assessed a penalty, your accountant may be able to highlight their engagement as a significant mitigating factor that helps get the penalty abated or reduced.
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           Should I have my CPA or EA issue my 1099s?
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            Honestly - probably not.  While we do prepare 1099s for a lot of our clients (if you are an active client and need help filing your 1099s please call Ramon!  He's happy to chat with you on getting them done!) - It's 2025 and filing a 1099 is a pretty mechanical act.   More of our clients file their 1099s in house than engage us.  There are a number of vendors on the market that can streamline 1099 reporting for a significantly lower cost than your tax professional can offer without sacrificing any value (we tell our clients to use
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           Tax1099.com
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            or the 1099 reporting module in their accounting software).  We do not get offended when our clients prepare their own 1099s - in fact, we encourage it.  If you're planning on doing your 1099s in house, but have a question - just ask your tax professional.  Will we bill a client that asks us to parse their entire vendor list, make determinations on who should be getting 1099s, calculate how much each one of the 1099 recipients were paid, and get those amounts back over to them so they can prepare their 1099s in-house?  Absolutely.  Yes.  For sure.  On the other hand - will we bill them for a one minute e-mail where they asked if ABC Attorney should be getting a 1099-NEC or a 1099-MISC?  Nope.  It's way too much work to bill for one minute of time.  I'm sure your accountant probably feels the same way. 
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           Final Thoughts
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           Don’t let 1099 season stress you out. Whether you need help filing or just have questions, we’re here to support you every step of the way.  If you don't have a tax professional on board, feel free to reach out to us to start a conversation about how we can help you!
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           For any questions or to learn more about our services, feel free to view our website at 
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           https://clintonwinklesllc.com
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            or contact us by e-mail at clinton@clintonwinklesllc.com.
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      <pubDate>Sat, 11 Jan 2025 04:27:23 GMT</pubDate>
      <guid>https://www.clintonwinklesllc.com/1099-issuers-what-you-need-to-know-this</guid>
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      <title>Announcing Our Name Change: RL Fortin LLC is Now Clinton Winkles LLC</title>
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           New name, Same Commitment to Excellence: Looking Ahead to 2025
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            We’re thrilled to share an exciting update with all our valued clients and colleagues: effective January 1, 2025, our firm has officially changed its name from RL Fortin LLC to
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           Clinton Winkles LLC
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           ! This marks a new chapter in our firm’s history, and we couldn’t be more excited about the journey ahead.
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           A Look Back: Rene Fortin's Legacy
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           After decades of dedicated service, Rene Fortin retired from the firm on June 30, 2023. Under Rene’s leadership, the firm became a trusted partner to countless businesses and individuals, delivering exceptional tax compliance and business advisory services. Rene’s retirement marked the end of an incredible era, but his commitment to excellence continues to inspire us daily.
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           A New Beginning: Clinton Winkles Takes the Helm
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           On July 1, 2023, Clinton Winkles took over as the firm’s managing member. With years of experience in tax compliance, business advisory services, and innovative accounting solutions, Clinton is committed to upholding the high standards set by Rene while steering the firm into the future.
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           About Clinton
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           Clinton Winkles is a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) and Enrolled Agent (EA) with extensive experience in tax and business advisory services. Clinton is a graduate of the University of North Alabama (MBA) and Athens State University (BS-Accounting). Clinton has been with the firm through its growth period since 2011. He is focused on leveraging his expertise to deliver tailored solutions for small and medium-sized businesses. In addition to his professional experience, Clinton is known for his commitments to leveraging technology to enhance client service and streamline operations and to furthering his team’s continuing education.
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           What’s Ahead in 2025
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            We’re launching several exciting initiatives to make your experience with us even better. Chief among them is our
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           new client-facing project portal
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           , set to debut in January 2025. This portal will allow clients to view real-time updates on their projects, ensuring transparency and seamless communication at every step.
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           We look forward to continuing to serve you under our new name, Clinton Winkles LLC, with the same commitment to excellence and client-focused service you’ve come to expect. Thank you for being a part of our journey—we’re excited to grow together!
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            For any questions or to learn more about our services, feel free to view our website at
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           https://clintonwinklesllc.com
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            or contact us by e-mail at clinton@clintonwinklesllc.com.
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      <pubDate>Thu, 02 Jan 2025 15:24:31 GMT</pubDate>
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